Ingrain carpet fabric



(Specimens.)

G. H'. HARVEY.

INGRAIN CARPETv FABRIC.

Patented Apr. 5,1892.

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.- ATENT- FFICE GEORGE H. HARVEY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

INGRAIN CARPET FABRIC.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent No. 472,215, dated April 5, 1892.

Application tiled November 28,1890. Serial No. 372,829. (Specimens.) l

To all whom t may concern:

.Be it known that I, GEORGE H. HARVEY, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in I ngrain CarpetvFabrics, of which the following is a specification.

The principal objects of my present invention are, first, to provide a woven carpet fabric having the face and back wefts thereof interwoven to form perfect or complete face and b ack webs and having the respective wefts tied or bound to center wefts disposed between said face and back webs; second, to tie or bind all the wefts throughout the fabric, and, third, to prevent the formation of creases or ribs at each shot-about of the weft-threads.

Prior to myinvention an ingrain carpet fabric has been provided having three weft planes and composed of warp-threads and figuringwefts in sets, as described in the Patent No. 424,308, of March 25, 1890, the fabric of said patent being one in which the warps are employed in two sets of mate threads made up of single threads-that is, four single ends in each split of the reed-and the said mate threads are passed around the face or back and center wefts.

My invention consists, rst, in providing a woven carpet fabric having back, face, and center wefts with warps in four divisions cornprising sets of threads containing a plurality of threads in each set and all the threads of the sets comprising two of said divisions interwoven with said 'face and back wefts and certain of the threads of the sets comprising the other two of said divisions interwoven with said face and back wefts and the other threads of the last-mentioned two sets looped around the center wefts.

My invention consists, secondly, in providing a woven fabric having back, face, and center wefts with warps in four divisions, whereot' two and portions of the other two are interwoven with said face and back wefts to form webs and the remaining portions of said two divisions looped around the center wefts to tie the same to the webs and the threads comprising the two subdivided divisions of warps twilled throughout the fabric.

The nature and characteristic features of sections in the direction of the warps-f-showing one thread of two of the divisions of warps passing around the center weft, and also showing the twilled effect produced by passing each one of the threads` comprising the two divisions progressively around said center weft.

In weaving my improved carpet fabric the warp is divided into four divisions, of which two constitute a set of mate warps of like color b and two sets of mate warps of like color o-for example, one set of black mate warps and one set ofolive mate warps. Each set of mate warps comprises six threads, so that the set b comprises three mate threads l, l', and l2 and three mate threads 3, 3', and 32, and the set of mate warps o comprises three mate threads 2,v 2', and 22 and three mate threads 4, 4', and 42. All of the threads of the warp are controlled by means of a J acquard machine and the journals or shafts are dispensed with. Ordinarily four sets of warpthreads, appertaining, respectively, to the four divisions of the warp and comprising three threads or ends in each set, or twelve threads in all, are passed through each dent or split of the reed; but any other preferred arrangement of the warps with reference to the dents or splits of the reed may be employed, provid ed that it permit of the operation of the warps in the manner hereinafter described.

Although my invention relates particularly to the disposition, division, and arrangement of the warps, still for the sake of a further description thereof it will be assumed that certain colored wefts are introduced into the fabric in accordance with a certain pattern; yet,nevertheless, it must be distinctly under- IOO stood that my invention is not limited to the employment of any particular number of wefts or to any particular variety of pattern, because each warp-thread is controlled bya Jacquard machine. Assuming, therefore, that six colors are employed to produce the pattern illustrated in Fig. l and referring to the accompanying drawings, r is a red weftthread. g is a green weft-thread. w is a white weft-thread. y is a yellow weft-thread. c is a chocolate weft-thread, and p is a black weft-thread.

Referring now to the left-hand side of Fig. 1, the red weft is exposed upon the face of the fabric, the white weft upon the ground thereof, and the green weft is located in the center and between the red and white wefts, so that the fabric comprises face, ground, and center wefts. At the plain portions of the fabric-that is, where there is not a shotabout-the face-and ground wefts are bound together at every pick to form face and ground webs by means of plain sheds composed of the mate threads comprising the two sets of mate warps Z) and o; but the mate warps comprising the inner member of each oi' said sheds-that is, the member nearest the center of the fabric-is robbed of onethird of its threads, and these two sets of threads which were taken from the inner members of each of the two plain sheds are looped around the center wefts in opposite directions at every pick and serve to tie or bind the face and back webs and center wet'ts together. In practice the same threads are not taken from the inner members of the respective sheds at each pick, but progressively-that is, so as to forni a twill.

In Figs. l and 2, at the pick P thereof, the mate threads l l' I2 and the mate threads 3 and 3', pertaining to the series of mate warps b, constitute a plain shed containing the face weft r. The mate threads 4 4r 42 and the mate-threads 2 and 2', pertaining to the series of warps o, constitute a plain shed containing the ground weft tu. The inner inembers of these two plain sheds, comprising the threads 3 anti 3' and 2 and 2', are robbed of one-third of their th reads-that is, the threads 32 and 22, respectively. These threads 32 and 22 pass around the center weft g in opposite directions and tie or knit the same to the face and ground webs r and tu.

From an inspection of Figs. 2, 3, and a it will appear that the respective sets of mate threads-for example, the threads 3, 3', and 32 and 2, 2', and 22, forming the inner members of the respective plain sheds--are not robbed of the same threads at each successive pick, but these threads are taken from said sets progressively at each pickin any preferred order-for example as follows: rst, the threads 32 and 22, Fig. 2, then the threads 1 and at, Fig. 3, and, iinally,the threads 3' and 2', Fig. 4, whereby a so-called twill is produced and the formation of longitudinal strips or ribs is avoided. At every shotabout throughout the fabric-that is to say, at the points indicated by the letters s s' in Fig. lthe inner set of the two series of mate warps Z1 is caused to change places with the inner set of the two series of mate warps 0, whereby the formation of breaks or furrows extending transversely of the finished fabric is prevented, because the center, as well as the ground and face wefts, are tied or bound in separate sheds.

Referring now to the shot-about indicated by the letter s in Fig. I, the three threads 2, 2', and 22, comprising one set of the two series of mate threads o, are interchanged with the three threads 3, 3', and 32, comprising one set of the two series of mate threads b, so that one set of mate threads appertaining to the two series of warps b and one set of mate threads pertaining to the two series of warps o constitute the face and back webs until the next shot-about, which is represented at s'. After the shot-about s' the two sets of mate warps are returned to their normal positionthat is to say, with the warps b b forming the face web and the warps o 0 forming the ground web.

I'Iaving thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

l. The herein-described woven carpet fabric, having back, face, and center wefts with warps in four divisions, comprising sets of threads containing a plurality of threads in each set, and all the threads of the sets comprising two of said divisions interwoven with said face and back wefts and certain of the threads of the sets comprising the other two ot' said divisions interwoven with said face and back wetts and the other threads of the last-mentioned two sets looped around the center wefts, as shown, and for the purposes set forth.

2. The herein-described woven fabric, having back, face, and center wefts with warps in four divisions, whereof two and portions of the other two are interwoven with said face and back wefts to form webs and the remaining portions of said two divisions looped around the center wefts to tie the same to the webs and the threads comprising the two subdivided divisions of warps twilled throughout the fabric, as shown, and for the purposes set forth.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my signature in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE II. HARVEY.

Vitnesses:

A. B. Stoner-tron, RICHARD C. MAXWELL.

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